Pathogenetic significance of psychological stress in the development of alimentary obesity

The theoretical substantiation of the pathogenetic significance of psychological stress on the increase in body weight and alimentary obesity in the modern lifestyle was carried out. The methodology for substantiating the concept under consideration was based on the principle of dominant by A.A. Ukhtomsky, the theory of functional systems by P.K. Anokhin, concepts on the general adaptation syndrome of H. Selye and the metabolic syndrome of G.M. Reaven, the peculiarities of the energy supply of the central nervous system under conditions of acute chronic psychological stress. Acute psychological stress increases functional activity of the central nervous system. Consumption of glucose and oxygen increases accordingly. The deficiency of endogenous glucose is replenished in the daytime due to the intake of food rich in carbohydrates, which is regulated by the reciprocal alternation of excitationinhibition of the ventromedial and ventrolateral nuclei of the hypothalamus, which determines the eating habits. After evening meal, during sleep, the energy and plasticity of the central nervous system is restored. At the same time, after replenishing the deficiency of carbohydrates by glycogen catabolism in the liver, lipid synthesis increases. Lipids enter the bloodstream and are deposited in adipocytes. Against the background of anticipation under the permanent influence of psychological stress, the accumulation of energy carriers, lipids, is initiated, which leads to weight gain, and then alimentary obesity. Thus, psychological stress is a trigger for the activation of the functional activity of the central nervous system, which first leads to a change in the body’s metabolism, and then, due to anticipation, initiates the accumulation of lipids deposited in adipocytes. In turn, this first leads to weight gain, and then the development of alimentary obesity.

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