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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestnovsu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Новгородского государственного университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik of Novgorod State University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-8052</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.34680/2076-8052.2025.2(140).211-222</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestnovsu-379</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПАТОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ АНАТОМИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PATHOLOGIC ANATOMY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Связь гипертрофии левого и правого желудочков сердца с причиной смерти при артериальной гипертензии (по данным аутопсии)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Relevance of left and right ventriculars hypertrophy to the cause of death in arterial hypertension (according to autopsy data)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5894-0749</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Керимкулова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kerimkulova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Керимкулова Айман Сайлаубековна – кандидат медицинских наук, профессор.</p><p>Астана</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Astana</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">k-aiman@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7854-0849</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вебер</surname><given-names>В. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Veber</surname><given-names>V. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вебер Виктор Робертович – академик РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, научный руководитель Медицинского института, заведующий кафедрой.</p><p>Великий Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Veliky Novgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Viktor.Veber@novsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0791-4353</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прошина</surname><given-names>Л. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Proshina</surname><given-names>L. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прошина Лидия Григорьевна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой.</p><p>Великий Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Veliky Novgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lidiya.Proshina@novsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7754-5338</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жмайлова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhmailova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жмайлова Светлана Викторовна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой.</p><p>Великий Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Veliky Novgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Svetlana.Zhmaylova@novsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский университет Астана</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Astana Medical University</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2(140)</issue><fpage>211</fpage><lpage>222</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Керимкулова А.С., Вебер В.Р., Прошина Л.Г., Жмайлова С.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Керимкулова А.С., Вебер В.Р., Прошина Л.Г., Жмайлова С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kerimkulova A.S., Veber V.R., Proshina L.G., Zhmailova S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnovsu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/379">https://vestnovsu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/379</self-uri><abstract><p>Авторами изучены данные протоколов вскрытия 643 лиц, при жизни страдавших артериальной гипертензией. Из исследования исключены случаи, которые могли бы послужить другой причиной развития гипертрофии левого или правого желудочков. Гипертрофия стенок левого и правого желудочков условно была разделена на две степени: гипертрофия левого желудочка умеренная – 1-й степени (1,3–2,0 см), выраженная – 2-й степени (2,1 см и более); гипертрофия правого желудочка умеренная – 1-й степени (0,4–0,6 см), выраженная – 2-й степени (0,7 см и более). По данным результатов аутопсии артериальная гипертензия приводит к гипертрофии левого желудочка во всех случаях, при этом умеренная гипертрофия выявляется несколько чаще, чем выраженная гипертрофия. Гипертрофия правого желудочка не обнаружена лишь в 13% случаев, при этом её выраженная степень преобладает над умеренной. Наиболее частыми причинами смерти при артериальной гипертензии являются острая сердечная недостаточность (60,4%) и кровоизлияние в мозг (37,2%). Инфаркт миокарда выявлен в 1,2% случаев, другие причины также в 1,2% случаев. Масса миокарда и степень гипертрофии обоих желудочков сердца напрямую влияют на причины смерти при артериальной гипертензии. При 2-й степени гипертрофии левого желудочка сердечная смерть развивается у мужчин в 3,7, а у женщин в 3,0 раза чаще по сравнению с церебральной причиной. При 2-й степени гипертрофии правого желудочка сердечная причина смерти по сравнению с церебральной преобладает у мужчин в 2,96 раза, у женщин – в 2,37 раза чаще. Церебральная причина смерти значительно преобладает над сердечной при умеренной гипертрофии как левого, так и правого желудочков сердца.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The authors studied data from autopsy reports of 643 individuals who had suffered from arterial hypertension during their lifetime. Cases that could be another cause of left or right ventricular hypertrophy were excluded from the study. Hypertrophy of the left and right ventricular walls was conditionally divided into two degrees: moderate left ventricular hypertrophy – 1st degree (1.3–2.0 cm), pronounced – 2nd degree (2.1 cm and more); moderate right ventricular hypertrophy – 1st degree (0.4–0.6 cm), pronounced – 2nd degree (0.7 cm and more). According to autopsy findings, arterial hypertension leads to left ventricular hypertrophy in all cases, with moderate hypertrophy being detected slightly more frequently than marked hypertrophy. Right ventricular hypertrophy was not detected in only 13% of cases, with severe hypertrophy predominating over moderate hypertrophy. The most frequent causes of death in arterial hypertension are acute heart failure (60.4%) and cerebral hemorrhage (37.2%). Myocardial infarction was detected in 1.2% of cases, other causes also in 1.2% of cases. Myocardial mass and degree of hypertrophy of both ventricles of the heart directly influence the causes of death in arterial hypertension. In degree 2 left ventricular hypertrophy, cardiac death develops 3.7 times more often in men and 3.0 times more often in women compared with cerebral causes. In 2nd degree right ventricular hypertrophy, cardiac cause of death compared to cerebral cause predominates 2.96 times more often in men and 2.37 times more often in women. Cerebral cause of death significantly prevails over cardiac cause of death in moderate hypertrophy of both left and right ventricles of the heart.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>гипертрофия желудочков</kwd><kwd>аутопсия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>ventricular hypertrophy</kwd><kwd>autopsy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чазова И. Е., Ощепкова Е. В. 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