vestnovsuВестник Новгородского государственного университетаVestnik of Novgorod State University2076-8052Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого10.34680/2076-8052.2023.2(131).196-207vestnovsu-158Research ArticleАнатомия человекаHuman anatomyСериновые протеазы в функциональной активности нервной системыSerine proteases in the functional activity of the nervous systemhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3042-8123ЗамолодчиковаТ. С.ZamolodchikovaT. S.

Замолодчикова Татьяна Степановна – кандидат химических наук, старший научный сотрудник,

Москва.

Zamolodchikova T. S.,

Moscow.

tatyanazam@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6457-6725ТолпыгоС. М.TolpygoS. M.

Толпыго Светлана Михайловна – кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник, ведущий научный сотрудник,

Москва.

Tolpygo S. M.,

Moscow.

stolpygo@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7111-7762КотовА. В.KotovA. V.

Котов Александр Владимирович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор,

Великий Новгород. 

Kotov A. V.,

Veliky Novgorod.

lab_motiv@mail.ruНаучно-исследовательский институт нормальной физиологии имени П. К. АнохинаРоссияResearch Institute of Normal Physiology named after P. K. AnokhinRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт нормальной физиологии имени . К. АнохинаРоссияResearch Institute of Normal Physiology named after P. K. AnokhinRussian FederationНовгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава МудрогоРоссияYaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State UniversityRussian Federation20232209202302(131)196207Copyright © Замолодчикова Т.С., Толпыго С.М., Котов А.В., 20232023Замолодчикова Т.С., Толпыго С.М., Котов А.В.Zamolodchikova T.S., Tolpygo S.M., Kotov A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestnovsu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/158

Сериновые протеазы, в том числе, трипсин, тромбин, активаторы плазминогена, плазмин и некоторые другие синтезируются в нервной ткани, преимущественно, головном мозге, включая кору, лимбическую систему, мозжечок. В настоящем обзоре обсуждаются вопросы, связанные с участием сериновых протеаз в нейропластичности и регуляции поведения. Эндогенные сериновые протеазы играют важную роль в формировании, развитии и поддержке жизнедеятельности нервной системы. Путём ограниченного протеолиза эти протеазы активируют рецепторы типа PAR (protease activated receptor), модифицируют другие рецепторы или их лиганды, осуществляют процессинг нейротрофических факторов, расщепляют белки межклеточного матрикса и клеточной адгезии, инициируют запуск сложных каскадов сигнальной трансдукции, необходимых для структурной модификации синапсов. Участие сериновых протеаз в морфологической и функциональной синаптической пластичности может лежать в основе когнитивных процессов, включая обучение и память у животных и человека.

Serine proteases, including trypsin, thrombin, plasminogen activators, plasmin and several others, are synthesized in nervous tissue, mainly in the brain, including the cortex, limbic system and cerebellum. This review examines the involvement of serine proteases in neuroplasticity and behavioral regulation. Endogenous serine proteases play an important role in the formation, development and maintenance of the nervous system. Through limited proteolysis, these proteases activate PARs (protease-activated receptors), modify other receptors or their ligands, process neurotrophic factors, degrade intercellular matrix and cell adhesion proteins and initiate complex signal transduction cascades necessary for structural modification of synapses. The involvement of serine proteases in morphological and functional synaptic plasticity may underlie cognitive processes, including learning and memory in animals and humans.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.