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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestnovsu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Новгородского государственного университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik of Novgorod State University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-8052</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.34680/2076-8052.2022.2(127).34-37</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestnovsu-117</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Патологическая анатомия</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Pathologic anatomy</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Структурные изменения ткани печени при длительной механической желтухе неопухолевой этиологии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Structural changes in the liver tissue with long-term obstructive jaundice of non-tumor etiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кашаева</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kashaeva</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kashaevamrd@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прошин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Proshin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новгород, Москва</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">net_proshin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прошина</surname><given-names>Л. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Proshina</surname><given-names>L. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Швецов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shvetsov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубовая</surname><given-names>Т. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubovaya</surname><given-names>T. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаврилова</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavrilova</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого; Городская клиническая больница им. В.В. Вересаева</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-3"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2(127)</issue><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кашаева М.Д., Прошин А.В., Прошина Л.Г., Швецов Д.А., Дубовая Т.К., Гаврилова К.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кашаева М.Д., Прошин А.В., Прошина Л.Г., Швецов Д.А., Дубовая Т.К., Гаврилова К.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kashaeva M.D., Proshin A.V., Proshina L.G., Shvetsov D.A., Dubovaya T.K., Gavrilova K.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnovsu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/117">https://vestnovsu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/117</self-uri><abstract><p>Изучены гистологические препараты ткани печени у 82 больных с длительной (более двух недель) механической желтухой неопухолевой этиологии, находившихся на лечении в НОКБ в период с 2014 по 2021 гг. Отмечается увеличение стромы в два раза за счет развития соединительной ткани; выявлено разрушение кровеносных капилляров, что влечёт за собой ухудшение кровообращения печени. Наблюдается снижение объема ядра и цитоплазмы при механических желтухах, что говорит о нарастании некротических процессов. Возникают структурные изменения во внутрипеченочных желчных ходах и заполнении их липоцитами, происходит замедление функциональной активности гепатоцитов, уменьшается скорость их деления, замедляются все виды обменов. Исследования ткани печени при механической желтухе позволяют определить форму и тяжесть холестаза, что совместно с другими данными влияют на прогноз заболевания и на определение лечебной тактики. Повторные пункционные биопсии печени позволяют контролировать состояние печени после декомпрессии и определять эффективность проводимого лечения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Histological preparations of liver tissue were studied in 82 patients with long-term (more than two weeks) obstructive jaundice of non-tumor etiology, who were treated at the Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital in the period from 2014 to 2021. There is a twofold increase in the stroma, due to the development of connective tissue; destruction of blood capillaries is revealed, which entails a deterioration in the blood circulation of the liver; a decrease in the volume of the nucleus and cytoplasm is detected with obstructive jaundice, which indicates an increase in necrotic processes; structural changes appear in the intrahepatic bile ducts and their filling with lipocytes, the functional activity of hepatocytes slows down, the rate of their division decreases, all types of exchanges slow down. Studies of the liver tissue in obstructive jaundice make it possible to determine the form and severity of cholestasis, which, together with other data, affect the prognosis of the disease and the determination of therapeutic tactics. Repeated puncture biopsies of the liver allow you to monitor the condition of the liver after decompression and determine the effectiveness of the treatment.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ткань печени</kwd><kwd>механическая желтуха</kwd><kwd>структурные изменения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>liver tissue</kwd><kwd>obstructive jaundice</kwd><kwd>structural changes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алиев М.А., Андреев Г.Н., Ташев И.А., Доскалиев Ж.А. Хирургическая коррекция хронических гепатитов и циррозов печени. В. 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